CPU stands for central processing unit and is the primary component of a computer that carries out instructions and processes data. It is often referred to as the “brain” of the computer. The CPU’s main function is to execute instructions given by computer programs, which it does by performing calculations, managing input/output operations, and controlling the overall operation of the computer. It consists of two main components: the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit. The speed and efficiency of a CPU are measured by its clock speed, number of cores, and cache size. The evolution of CPUs has led to increased performance and capabilities in computers.